Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain to alleviate symptoms of depression and other mental health conditions.
It is non-invasive and generally well-tolerated. But, like all medications, there are potential TMS therapy side effects to consider before starting treatment.
This article explores the possible side effects of TMS therapy, what to expect, and when you should consult your healthcare provider.
TMS therapy is known for having minimal side effects. A review of over 600 studies found that only 12.4% of older adults experienced some TMS therapy side effects.
Even among these patients, side effects are mild, including headaches (6.9%) and discomfort at the treatment site (2.7%).
Here is a closer look at the most common side effects experienced by patients undergoing treatment:
One of the most frequently reported side effects is a mild headache, occurring in around 7 in 100 patients.
Headaches are usually temporary and can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers, like ibuprofen and paracetamol.
They tend to diminish over the treatment course as the brain adjusts to the magnetic stimulation.
Some patients may experience discomfort or tingling on the scalp at the site where the magnetic coils are placed.
This uncomfortable sensation affects 3 in 100 patients and is usually mild, occurring only during the 20-40 minute TMS session and fading soon after the treatment is completed.
During your TMS therapy procedure, the magnetic pulses can stimulate nerves that cause involuntary muscle contractions, leading to slight facial twitching.
This is a normal response; spasms typically subside immediately after the session.
Serious TMS therapy side effects can occur—although they are uncommon, affecting 15 in every 1,000 patients. Despite their rarity, knowing these risks is essential before starting treatment.
The most severe potential side effect of TMS therapy is a seizure. However, the risk is extremely low, occurring in less than 0.01% of patients without epilepsy—the equivalent of 1 in every 10,000 people.
In people with a history of seizures, the risk increases to 3%.
If you have a history of seizures or epilepsy, you should discuss this risk with your healthcare provider before starting TMS therapy.
If appropriate ear protection is not used during treatment, the noise generated by the TMS machine can potentially cause hearing loss.
To mitigate this risk, you should be given earplugs during each session—as is always the case at Universal Neurological Care, where patient care is our priority.
Most TMS therapy side effects are mild, subside after the TMS session, and can be easily managed by adjusting the stimulation level.
Here are some tips for dealing with these side effects:
Q: How long do TMS therapy side effects last?
A: Most side effects, such as headaches and scalp discomfort, are temporary and subside shortly after the session ends. They often decrease in intensity as treatment progresses.
Q: Is it safe to continue TMS therapy if I experience side effects?
A: Most side effects are mild and do not require you to stop treatment. However, always report any side effects to your healthcare provider, especially if they worsen or become concerning.
Q: Can TMS therapy cause long-term side effects?
A: Long-term side effects from TMS therapy are rare. The most significant long-term risk is related to seizure activity, but this is extremely uncommon.
Q: What should I do if I experience severe side effects?
A: If you experience any severe TMS therapy side effects, such as a seizure, seek medical attention immediately and inform your healthcare provider.
TMS therapy is a promising treatment for depression, with most patients experiencing minimal side effects.
If you're considering treatment and are concerned about potential TMS therapy side effects, discussing these with your healthcare provider is important.
At Universal Neurological Care, our team is dedicated to providing comprehensive information and support throughout your treatment journey.
Contact us today to learn more about TMS therapy, its side effects, and whether it could be the right option for you.
